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El Gordo (galaxy cluster)
El Gordo (lit. ''The Fat One'') (ACT-CL J0102-4915 or SPT-CL J0102-4915) is the largest distant galaxy cluster observed at its distance or beyond, as of 2011. As of 2014, it still holds the record for being the largest distant galaxy cluster to have been discovered.〔''Guinness World Records 2014'', Page 030.〕〔NASA, ("El Gordo Galaxy Cluster" ), 10 January 2012 (accessed 7 July 2012)〕 It was found by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, Atacama Cosmology Telescope - funded by National Science Foundation, and European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope.〔CNN News ('Fat' galaxy cluster discovered 7 billion light-years away )〕
This galaxy cluster, officially named as, 'ACT-CL J0102-4915', has been given a 'nickname' by the researchers as 'El Gordo', which stands for "the Fat One" or "the Big One" in Spanish. It is located more than 7 billion light-years from Earth.〔(NASA's Chandra Finds Largest Galaxy Cluster in Early Universe )〕
The Astrophysical Journal has accepted the results for publication and will announce its findings and results on 'El Gordo' at its 219th meeting in Austin, Texas.〔(These results on El Gordo are being announced at the 219th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Austin, Texas )〕
==Observations==
Felipe Menanteau (then of Rutgers University) who led the study stated "this cluster is the most massive, the hottest, and gives off the most X-rays of any known cluster at this distance or beyond."〔(Felipe Menanteau of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, N.J., who led the study )〕
Findings from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory show that El Gordo is composed of two separate galaxy subclusters, colliding at several million kilometers per hour.〔CNN News (El Gordo is made up of two separate galaxy subclusters )〕 These observations (using X-ray data and other characteristics) suggest that 'El Gordo' most probably formed in the same manner as the Bullet Cluster (which is located 4 billion light years from Earth).〔(http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/01/120110140423.htm )〕〔(El Gordo akin to the well-known object called the Bullet Cluster )〕〔(El Gordo most probably formed just like the Blue Cluster )〕〔(El Gordo akin to the well-known object called the Bullet Cluster )〕 According to Cristóbal Sifón from Pontifical Catholic University of Chile "this is the first time we've found a system like the Bullet Cluster at such a large distance."〔(Cristobal Sifon of Pontificia Universidad de Catolica de Chile (PUC) in Santiago )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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